Ibhodlela Le-shampoo Yezilwane Ezifuywayo

2026-01-30

Uma sithatha ibhodlela le-shampoo elisetshenziswa kakhulu, kuzoba nelebula le-PET phansi kwebhodlela, okubonisa ukuthi lo mkhiqizo uyibhodlela le-PET. Amabhodlela e-PET asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu futhi ikakhulukazi anomthamo omkhulu. Amabhodlela e-PET ayizitsha zepulasitiki ezitholakala ngokucubungula izinto zepulasitiki ze-PET ngezindlela zesinyathelo esisodwa noma ezimbili. Ipulasitiki ye-PET inezici zokuba lula, icace kakhulu, futhi imelana nokushaywa nokuqhekeka.

I-PET, noma i-polyethylene terephthalate, yaziwa nangokuthi i-polyester. Igama layo lesiNgisi yi-Polyethylene Terephthalate, ekhiqizwa yi-polymerization reaction (condensation) yezinto ezimbili zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali: i-terephthalic acid (PTA) kanye ne-ethylene glycol (EG). Ama-preform ayizinto ezibunjwe ngomjovo. Njengomkhiqizo oqediwe phakathi nendawo wokwelula okulandelayo kwe-biaxial kanye nokubumba ngomjovo, intamo ye-preform ibunjwa ngesikhathi sesigaba sokubumba ngomjovo, futhi usayizi wayo ngeke ushintshe ngesikhathi sokushisa kanye nokubumba ngomjovo/ngomjovo. Usayizi, isisindo, kanye nobukhulu bodonga lwe-preform yizici okudingeka zinakwe kakhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba ngomjovo yebhodlela.

Uma kulungiswa amabhodlela afakwe umoya, ama-PET chips afakwa kuqala ku-preform. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ingxenye yezinto ezisetshenzisiwe akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-5%), futhi izikhathi zokuphinda kusetshenziswe akufanele zidlule ezimbili. Isisindo sama-molecule kanye ne-viscosity akufanele kube phansi kakhulu (isisindo sama-molecule 31,000 - 50,000, i-intrinsic viscosity 0.78 - 0.85 cm³/g). Ngokusho koMthetho Kazwelonke Wokuphepha Kokudla, izinto ezisetshenzisiwe azivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ekupakisheni ukudla nemithi. Ama-preform afakwe umjovo kudingeka agcinwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ama-preform angasetshenziswanga ngemva kokushisa kumele agcinwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-48 ngaphambi kokufudumala kabusha. Isikhathi sokugcina samabhodlela akufanele sidlule izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ikhwalithi ye-preform incike kakhulu kwikhwalithi yezinto ze-PET, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto ezilula ukuzifutha nokuzakha, nokuthuthukisa inqubo yokubumba ye-preform enengqondo. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi ama-preform enziwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingenisiwe ezinobuthi obufanayo kulula ukuwaphehla isikhunta kunalawo enziwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa zasekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ngeqoqo elifanayo lama-preform, izinsuku zokukhiqiza ezahlukene zingadinga izinqubo ezahlukene zokuphehla isikhunta. Ikhwalithi ye-preform inquma ubunzima benqubo yokuphehla isikhunta. Izidingo ze-preform ubumsulwa, ukucaca, ukungabi nakungcola, ukungabi nombala, ubude obufanele bephuzu lokujova, kanye ne-halo elizungezile.

Amabhodlela ezinto ze-PP ne-PE anemibala eqinile, kuyilapho izinto ze-PETG, PET, ne-PVC zivame ukuba nombala ocacile noma okhanyayo ngokubukeka okucacile nokukhanyayo, futhi imibala eqinile ayisetshenziswa njalo. Amabhodlela ezinto ze-PET angapendwa ngokufutha. Kukhona iphuzu eliyindilinga phansi kwebhodlela elibunjiwe ngokufutha, elikhanya kakhulu ngaphansi kokukhanya. Iphansi lebhodlela elibunjiwe ngokufutha linomugqa wokubopha. Izesekeli eziyinhloko zamabhodlela abunjiwe ngokufutha zifaka phakathi izitophu zangaphakathi (ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni ze-PP ne-PE), izigqoko zangaphandle (ezivame ukusetshenziswa ze-PP, ABS, ne-acrylic, futhi zitholakala naseziqenjini ezifakwe ngogesi, ezifakwe ngogesi, nezipendwe ngokufutha, ezivame ukusetshenziswa emabhodleleni e-toner), izimbozo zekhanda lephampu (ezivame ukusetshenziswa essence kanye ne-lotion), izigqoko zokujikijela, kanye nezigqoko zokufinyeza (ezivame ukusetshenziswa emigqeni yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke yokujikeleza okukhulu).