Inkcazo eneenkcukacha zeempawu, iindlela zokucubungula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-PE kunye ne-PP

1. Isishwankathelo sezinto eziphathekayo

I-PE, i-PP, i-PVC, i-PS, i-PC, i-PF, i-EP, i-ABS, i-PA, i-PMMA, njl.njl. zibizwa ngokuba zizinto zeplastiki, ezikwaziwa ngokuba zizinto zepolymer. Ziluhlobo lwezinto ezenziwe ngokwenziwa ezine-plasticity ezenziwe ngee-compounds ezineemolekyuli ezininzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula. Izinto zeplastiki zineengenelo zokuba zilula, zinamandla aphezulu, zinokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, kwaye zigquma kakuhle. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni, ekwakheni, kwiimoto, kwii-elektroniki, nakwezinye iinkalo ezininzi.

I-Polyethylene (PE): Yi-thermoplastic ekhaphukhaphu, eguquguqukayo enokumelana kakuhle neekhemikhali. Ngokuxhomekeke kuxinano, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe yi-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (HDPE) kunye ne-polyethylene enoxinano oluphantsi (LDPE).

I-Polypropylene (PP): Inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nokuqina, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zeemoto nakwizixhobo zasekhaya.

2. I-Polyethylene (PE)

Iipropati Zomzimba Neekhemikhali: I-Polyethylene (PE) yi-polymer ethe tyaba enemolekyuli ephezulu enesakhiwo semolekyuli esilula kakhulu, esenziwe ziiyunithi eziphindaphindayo ze-"-CH2-CH2-". Esi sakhiwo sinika i-PE iipropati ezahlukeneyo zomzimba nezekhemikhali.

Ilula: I-PE inobunzima obuphantsi, malunga ne-0.91 kunye ne-0.96 g/cm³, nto leyo eyenza ukuba imele izinto ezikhaphukhaphu.

Ukumelana neekhemikhali: I-PE ibonisa uzinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali kwii-asidi ezininzi, iziseko, kunye nezisombululo zetyuwa.

Ukufakwa kombane: Njengento engekho kwi-polar, i-PE inamandla okusebenza kakuhle ekufakweni kombane.

Ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi: I-PE inokugcina iipropati zayo ezibonakalayo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi ukuya kuthi ga kwi -70°C. I-PE inokutshintshwa emva kokufudumeza, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona.

Iindlela Zokucubungula: Iindlela zokucubungula i-polyethylene zahlukile kwaye ziquka ikakhulu ezi zilandelayo.

Ukukhupha: isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imibhobho, ukufakelwa kweentambo kunye neentambo, njl.

Ukubumba ngenaliti: kufanelekile ukuvelisa izikhongozeli ezincinci, amathoyizi, njl.

Ukubumba ngeBlow: kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iibhotile nezikhongozeli ezingenanto.

Ukubumba ngoxinzelelo: kufanelekile ukuvelisa izinto ezinkulu zeplastiki, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto zokupakisha ezinodonga oluncinci kunye neetreyi.

IiNdawo zeSicelo: I-Polyethylene ineentlobo ngeentlobo zeentsimi zokusetyenziswa. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo ephambili yokusetyenziswa.

Izixhobo zokuPakisha: Iifilimu ze-PE zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni ukutya nakwiimpahla ngenxa yobunzima bazo obuphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhusela.

Iipayipi zeplastiki: Iipayipi zeHDPE zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi negesi ngenxa yokumelana kwazo neekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

Iingcingo kunye neentambo: I-PE isetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokukhusela ubushushu xa kusenziwa iingcingo kunye neentambo.

Ezolimo: I-PE isetyenziselwa ukwenza iifilimu zezolimo, ezifana netekhnoloji yokugubungela umhlaba.

Isebe lezonyango: Ngenxa yokuhambelana kwayo nezinto eziphilayo kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali, i-PE ikwasetyenziswa ekwenzeni izixhobo ezithile zonyango.

Ishishini leeMoto: I-PE isetyenziswa ekwenzeni izixhobo zeemoto, ezifana neetanki zepetroli kunye neebhampa, ngenxa yobunzima bayo obulula kunye nokumelana kwayo nempembelelo.

3. Iipropati zePolypropylene (PP) ezibonakalayo nezeKhemikhali

I-Polypropylene (PP) yi-polymer ye-thermoplastic ethe ngqo eyenziwe nge-polymerization ye-propylene monomers. I-PP ineempawu ezilandelayo ezibonakalayo zomzimba nezekhemikhali.

Ukumelana nobushushu: Iqondo lokunyibilika kwePP liphakathi kwe-160 kunye ne-170°C, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nobushushu kwaye ifaneleke kwiimveliso ezifuna ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.

Ukumelana neekhemikhali: I-PP izinzile xa ithelekiswa namanzi, iityuwa ezingaphiliyo, ii-asidi, kunye neziseko kodwa ichaphazeleka lula zizinyibilikisi ezithile zendalo.

Ukuqina: I-PP inokuqina okuphezulu, okuvumela ukuba igcine imo yayo phantsi kwemithwalo enzima.

Ukumelana Nokudinwa: I-PP inokumelana nokudinwa okuhle kwaye ifanelekile kwiindlela ezifuna ukugotywa okanye ukujijwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. I-PP inokufudunyezwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ipholiswe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ziimpawu zayo zomzimba, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwakhona.

Iindlela Zokucubungula: I-Polypropylene ingacutshungulwa ibe ziimveliso ezahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo.

Ukukhupha: Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iipayipi zePP, amashiti, iintonga, njl.njl.

Ukubumba Ngenaliti: Ifanelekile ukuvelisa iimveliso zeplastiki ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi ezifana nezikhongozeli, izivikelo, kunye nezixhobo zemoto.

Ukubumba Ngesiqhushumbisi: Kusetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso zeplastiki ezinkulu ezingenanto ezifana neebhotile kunye neebhakethi. Kusetyenziselwa ukwenza izikhongozeli okanye iitreyi zeplastiki ezixineneyo.

Ukwenziwa kweefayibha: I-PP inokwenziwa ibe ziifayibha ngeenkqubo zokolula nokuluka iintambo, iikhaphethi, njl.njl.

Iindawo zoSetyenziso: I-Polypropylene ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, kuquka le mizekelo ilandelayo.

Ishishini leeMoto: I-PP isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini leemoto kwiindawo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ngenxa yobunzima bayo obulula kunye nokumelana nobushushu, njengeepaneli zezixhobo kunye neebhampa.

Ishishini leempahla: Iifayibha zePP zisetyenziswa ekuveliseni iintambo, iikhaphethi kunye neempahla.

Izinto Zokupakisha: Ngenxa yobunzima bayo obulula kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali, i-PP isetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni izinto zokutya kunye nezinto ezingezizo zokutya.

Izixhobo Zasekhaya: I-PP isetyenziswa ekwenzeni izikhongozeli ezikhuselekileyo kwi-microwave, iidrowa zefriji, kunye nezinye izixhobo zasekhaya.

Ishishini Lokwakha: Iipayipi zePP kunye namaphepha asetyenziswa ekwakheni iinkqubo zemibhobho kunye nezinto zokuhombisa.

Intsimi Yezonyango: Ngenxa yokuhambelana kwayo nezinto eziphilayo, i-PP ikwasetyenziswa ekuveliseni ezinye izixhobo zonyango ezilahlwayo, ezifana neesirinji kunye neetyhubhu zovavanyo.